Description
Introduction
Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine (BZD) with a short elimination half-life, high potency, and rapid onset of action,1 is commonly used for the medical treatment of anxiety disorders such as panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are recommended as the first-line pharmaceutical agents for treating anxiety disorders,2 alprazolam is still one of the most frequently prescribed drugs in many countries, including the USA,3 Australia,4 and Taiwan. Buy Pfizer Xanax Alprazolam 2mg for sale online in Australia
Alprazolam, with its short elimination half-life, causes a more severe withdrawal syndrome and has a higher physical dependence liability than BZDs with longer elimination half-lives.6 In addition, the high-potency characteristics of alprazolam also increase the susceptibility of physical dependence compared with BZDs with low potency.7 Alprazolam has reinforcing effects, which are demonstrated when rates of drug self-administration exceed those of vehicle self-administration. Buy Pfizer Xanax Alprazolam 2mg for sale online in Australia
It is not recommended to use alprazolam for long periods of time because of the increased risk of developing dependence, as with other BZDs.9 The reinforcing effects of alprazolam increase the potential of psychological dependence, which is a serious issue that should be monitored among patients treated with BZD in the long term.10 Alprazolam deserves particular attention because of its reinforcing capabilities, withdrawal syndrome, potential for addiction, and potential for negative consequences of use. Buy Pfizer Xanax Alprazolam 2mg for sale online in Australia
It is well recognized that dependence on BZDs develops not only with high doses, but also with long-term therapeutic doses.6 Identification of the factors characterizing BZD dependence can serve as the basis of prevention, early detection, and intervention programs for BZD dependence. Doctors must often choose among several different drugs for patients with anxiety. Thus they must know how to identify individuals who may be at risk of iatrogenic dependence on alprazolam and other anxiolytic drugs. Early identification of these patients would not only assist in treatment planning, but could ultimately result in greater patient satisfaction and better treatment responses. Previous studies have shown that female sex,13, 14 old age. Buy Pfizer Xanax Alprazolam 2mg for sale online in Australia
being widowed or divorced,13 a high educational level,13 unemployment,15 long duration of use,13 high daily dosage of hypnotic drugs,15 severe mood symptoms,15 and alcohol dependence15 are significantly associated with the use of BZD spectrum anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs. Patterns of alprazolam use are influenced by age, sex, and history of alcohol dependence.16 It is especially pertinent to examine patients’ beliefs regarding the use of alprazolam. According to social cognitive theory,17 expectancies of positive or negative outcomes have a strong influence on drug-using behavior. Nonetheless, the relationships between alprazolam dependence and beliefs toward alprazolam use are largely unclear. Buy Pfizer Xanax Alprazolam 2mg for sale online in Australia
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